5 de noviembre de 2024
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B2 GRAMMAR BANK: VERB PATTERNS

In the B2 level the learner must be able to combine verb chains (V+V) in the correct way. To be able to do so it is important to remember that depending on the first verb, the second one will be used in the infinitive or the gerund form. To have an accurate B2 level, you must master the following rules:

· Infinitive and Gerund form of the verbs:

The infinitive is the ‘to’ form of the verb. Examples: to do, to work, to drive.

The gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding –ing. Examples: doing, working, driving. That is why gerunds follow prepositions in many common expressions and after phrasal verbs. Example: I’m thinking of visiting the States next year. They are interested in studying French. You carry on doing his work. I’m looking forward to seeing you. She gave up smoking.

· V + ‘to’ infinitive:

The following verbs are followed by the ‘to’ infinitive and not by gerund:

agree

arrange

ask

can’t afford

choose

decide

demand

expect

fail

hope

learn

manage

offer

plan

pretend

promise

refuse

seem

threaten

want

Examples:

I agree to do the presentation if you prepare the survey.

They can’t afford to buy a new car, but they chose to do it anyway.

He manages to convince people quite easily and pretends not to influence them at all.

During the negotiation they promised to reduce the costs in 5%, but they refuse to do it now.

· V + object + ‘to’ infinitive:

The following verbs are followed by an object and the ‘to’ infinitive:

advise

assist

employ

encourage

invite

order

persuade

teach

tell

urge

want

warn

Examples:

I advise you to study in the afternoon and employ her to teach you.

You want him to write the speech but there is no way you can persuade him to do so.

· V + gerund:

The following verbs are followed by a gerund and not by infinitives:

avoid

can’t help

can’t stand

delay

deny

dislike

enjoy

face

finish

hate

involve

like

love

mind

miss

postpone

practise

risk

suggest

It’s no use

Examples:

When I finished writing the composition, she suggested changing the topic.

I really enjoy drinking coffee, but I hate preparing it.

We cannot risk losing more sales in that city. We’ll delay increasing the prices.

She loves reading and I can’t help buying new books for her in any occasion.

· V + infinitive or gerund:

Certain verbs can be followed by gerunds or infinitives, but their meaning changes. The most common ones are:

stop

+ infinitive

I stopped to write the report

I stopped what I was doing in order to write the report

+ gerund

I stopped writing the report

I was writing the report, then I stopped

remember

+ infinitive

He must remember to buy the presents

He has the obligation of buying the presents in the future

+ gerund

He remembers buying the presents

He bought the presents earlier and he remembers doing so

forget

+ infinitive

They forgot to book the room

They did not remember to do it and the room is not booked

+ gerund

They forgot having booked the room

They booked the room but do not remember doing so

try

+ infinitive

He tried to study for about 8 hours a day

He made an effort to do so

+ gerund

He had even tried working at weekends

He tried as an experiment

regret

+ infinitive

I regret to tell you that I cannot come

I am sorry to have to tell you that I can’t come now

+ gerund

I now regret being so mean

I regret something I have done

mean

+ infinitive

I only meant to tell you about the party

Synonym of intend

+ gerund

If we leave at 6:00 it will mean getting up at 4:15

Synonym of involve

consider

+ infinitive

He is considered to be the best tennis player

Reporting an opinion

+ gerund

At one point I considered emigrating.

Meaning ‘think about

like

+ infinitive

We like to go out to lunch on Sunday

Habitual specific preferences

not like

+ infinitive

I don’t like to disturb colleagues at home

think it is wrong’

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